It is a form of parallel projection, in which all the projection lines are orthogonal to the projection plane, resulting in every plane of the scene appearing in affine transformation on the viewing surface. Orthographic projections is a technical drawing in which different. In this engineering drawing 1st year notes contents. On engineering drawing, we have come a long way from the days of leonardo da vinci, the italian polymath who had compiled drawings on a large variety of inventions. See the fundamentals of engineering graphics textbook. For the complete description of the threedimensional object, at least two or three views are required. Orthographic projection, common method of representing threedimensional objects, usually by three twodimensional drawings in each of which the object is viewed along parallel lines that are perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. Basic concepts of orthographic projections 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 orthographic problems with solution pdf.
Orthographic projection is a parallel projection technique in which the parallel lines of sight are perpendicular to the projection plane. Exercise complete three orthographic views of the object shown on the next slide. See more ideas about orthographic projection, orthographic drawing and isometric drawing. Vb engineering provides all kind of cad related trainings, in that one of the important concept is isometric drawing. Engineering drawing important questions pdf file ed imp. The earlier edition of this textbook is thoroughly revised, extensively enlarged, completely updated. Each principle view is created by looking at the object in the directions indicated in figure 22 and drawing what is seen as well as what is hidden from view. When the distance of the focus from the directrix is equal to 60 mm and eccentricity 23. Engineering drawing engineering drawing thank you very much for downloading engineering drawing. Mechanical engineering drawing concordia university. The book provides all aspects and detailed study of engineering drawing plane and solid geometry, a core subject for all branches of engineering study, presented in a lucid manner and easytofollow style.
Engineering drawing pdf notes ed pdf notes smartzworld. Exercises include missing views, multiview, and isometric sketches using orthographic and isometric grids. Autocad isometric drawing, isometric drawing exercises, 3d autocad, mechanical engineering design, mechanical design, industrial engineering, orthographic projection, 3d drawing techniques, interesting drawings. If a client of yours is having difficulty visualizing a design, what type of drawing would be the easiest to understand. Orthographic projection is the standard drawing form of the industrial world. Engineering drawing with worked examples 2 third edition by m. Orthographic projection orthographic or orthogonal projection or sometimes called working drawing is a system of drawings obtained in which the object is viewed at right angle and projected on to a perpendicular plane. Collectively, these two planes have come to be called the planes of reference.
By first angle projection method orthographic projections example2. Engineering drawing lesson 3orthogonal projections free download as powerpoint presentation. Engineering drawing drafting orthogonal projections, 3rd third angle and 1st first angle projection. Page 1 yoke orthographic projection tutorial contents click to go to that section starting the drawing drawing the views the miter line and orthographic projection center lines linetype scale hidden lines dimensioning editing dimensions. Orthographic projection is a technique used in drafting or engineering drawings to depict a threedimensional object in two dimensions. Slide set 2 drawing views and orthographic projection i third angle projection. Orthographic projection of points, lines, planes and solids. Orthographic projections indian institute of technology. Orthographic projection in engineering drawing in hindi part1 this is the 1st video on. For drawing orthographic projection, different planes are placed in a particular order.
Engineering drawing text book by nd bhatt pdf latest. In this method, two principal planes are kept perpendicular to. Orthographic projection sometimes referred to as orthogonal projection, used to be called analemma is a means of representing threedimensional objects in two dimensions. Download this pdf document so that you can access it anytime and print any page that you may want to use the following pages contain information and exercises about orthogonal orthographic drawing term used in victoria term used in new zealand isometric drawing they can be used for. Selection file type icon file name description size. Conversion of pictorial view into orthographic views. Bhatt in this new edition some errors are rectified. Which of the following projection methods does not use. It is a form of parallel projection, where all the projection lines are orthogonal to the projection plane, resulting in every plane of the scene appearing in affine transformation on the viewing surface. The orthographic views should represent the true size and true shape of an object as much as possible.
Orthographic projection is the method of representing the exact shape of an object in two or more views, on planes always at right angles to each other by extending perpendiculars from the object to the planes. It has been one of the most comprehensive revisions since the book was first published. Engineering drawing important questions pdf file ed imp qusts please find the attached pdf file of engineering drawing questions pdf ed imp qusts link ed question bank uniti construct an ellipse. Each projection view represents two dimensions of an object. About the book engineering drawing plane and solid geometry. Typically, this type of projection will show the top, side, and front views of an object. Orthographic projection is a means of representing a three dimensional object on a plane surface. Fundamentals of drafting first angle orthographic projection. Pdf geometric and engineering drawing by ken morling. Engineering graphics orthographic projection lecture. The projection in which the description of the object is completely understood in. Dept of mechanical engineering and mechanics, drexel university sectional orthographic views mem 201 fundamentals of computer aided design. Good sectional view drawing practices different parts at different angles or patterns hatch spacing of about 11618. Orthographic projection comes under the category of nonpictorial drawing.
To restore invaluable confidence of the students, there has to be a mentor who has a firm grip over the. Engineering drawing lesson 3orthogonal projections line. An engineering drawing is a technical not artistic drawing which. We now study the orthographic projection in detail. Orthographic projection is universally used in engineering drawing. Orthographic projections are among the most commonly used in the engineering industry to represent 3d components, structures and spaces in 2d.
Sectional orthographic engineering drawing 2014 dec paper q2. A projection is a drawing or representation of an entity on an imaginary plane or planes. Slide set 2 drawing views and orthographic projection i. The actual object that the drawing or projection represents. Orthographic projections orthographic projections is a technical drawing in which different views of an object are projected on different reference planes. This film demonstrates how to construct a simple plan, elevation and end views in third angle projection. Isometric view is used to visualize the 3 different views in a single view and we learn how to create 3d engineering models by using isometric projection in engineering drawing. Drawings have been the unique language ever since the days of cavemen. Two principal planes are used in orthographic projection, one horizontal and one vertical. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times. Orthographic projections are a collection of 2d drawings that work together to give an accurate overall representation of an object. Multiview projection drawing how to generate continue with the third view make sure that you have accurately align all views.
An engineering drawing is a drawing or a set of drawings that communicates an idea, design, schematic, or model. See more ideas about isometric drawing, drawing exercises and cad drawing. Orthographic projection inside the box the international standard. Pdf engineering drawing with worked examples 2 third.